Digital workplace statistics measure several related but different things: telework during a reference week, work-at-home activity on days worked, the ability to work from home, and workplace policies. The figures below therefore identify the population, geography and period for each measure rather than treating them as interchangeable.
Key Digital Workplace Statistics
The most useful high-level digital workplace statistics include:
- In Q1 2024, 35.5 million people at work in the United States teleworked or worked at home for pay during the reference week.
- In Q1 2024, 22.9% of people at work in the United States teleworked or worked at home for pay.
- In Q1 2024, telework represented 16.3% of all hours worked in the United States, compared with 15.0% in Q1 2023.
- In Q1 2024, teleworkers averaged 27.2 hours worked from home per week in the United States.
- In 2024-25, 56 million U.S. wage and salary workers, or 37%, could work at home in their sole or main job.
- In 2024-25, 51 million U.S. wage and salary workers, or 34%, sometimes worked at home.
- In 2024-25, 57% of U.S. wage and salary workers had schedules with variable start and end times.
- In 2023, 34.6% of employed people in the United States worked at home on days they worked, compared with 23.7% in 2019.
- In Q1 2024, 52.1% of U.S. teleworkers worked some, rather than all, hours from home.
- In 2024-25, 42 million U.S. wage and salary workers, or 28%, had days they worked only at home.
- In 2024-25, 78% of U.S. workers able to work at home had flexible start and stop times, compared with 44% of workers unable to work at home.
- In the 2023 OECD seven-country survey, 87% of employees at firms consulting workers about teleworking teleworked, compared with 61% where there was no consultation policy.
- In that OECD survey, 79% of consulted teleworkers were satisfied with work-life balance, compared with 62% of teleworkers who were not consulted.
- In that OECD survey, 89% of consulted teleworkers reported workplace trust, compared with 59% of those not consulted.
- In Pew’s October 2024 survey, 32% of U.S. adults with teleworkable jobs worked from home all the time.
- In the same Pew survey, 75% of U.S. respondents with teleworkable jobs were required to work at an office, workplace or job site a set number of days.
Contents
- Key Digital Workplace Statistics
- Digital Workplace Remote Work Scale and Trends
- Digital Workplace Participation by Education, Demographics and Occupation
- Hybrid Work Patterns, Hours and Workplace Location Data
- Digital Workplace Flexibility, Policy and Equipment Support
- Digital Workplace Outcomes: Satisfaction, Trust and Preferences
Digital Workplace Remote Work Scale and Trends
The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Current Population Survey provides a reference-week measure of telework or work at home for pay. In Q1 2024, 35.5 million people at work, or 22.9%, met that definition in the United States; the rate was 3.3 percentage points higher than in Q1 2023. BLS, “Telework trends”
The hours measure tells a related but distinct story. Telework accounted for 16.3% of all hours worked in Q1 2024, versus 15.0% a year earlier, while average weekly hours worked from home by teleworkers declined from 29.3 to 27.2.
These are not the same denominator as the share of people who teleworked.
| BLS measure | Q1 2023 | Q1 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Telework share of people at work | Not stated in supplied fact | 22.9% |
| Telework share of all hours worked | 15.0% | 16.3% |
| Average hours from home among teleworkers | 29.3 | 27.2 |
| Teleworkers working all hours from home | 54.0% | 47.9% |
| Teleworkers working 40 or more hours from home | 42.8% | 36.7% |
The distribution shifted toward fewer hours at home. Teleworking up to 8 hours rose from 12.0% to 15.2%, while teleworking 9 to 16 hours rose from 14.8% to 18.1% between Q1 2023 and Q1 2024.
The BLS measure is not seasonally adjusted and covers people at work during the reference period.
A separate BLS annual ATUS supplement covers wage and salary workers in 2024-25 and excludes self-employed workers. It found that 56 million workers, or 37%, could work at home, while 51 million, or 34%, sometimes did so in their sole or main job. BLS, “Job Flexibilities and Work Schedules Summary – 2025 A01 Results”
Digital Workplace Participation by Education, Demographics and Occupation
Work-at-home participation varies across demographic and occupational groups. In 2024-25, 35% of women and 32% of men among U.S. wage and salary workers worked at home at least occasionally; the BLS release describes work-at-home rates of 49% for Asian workers, 33% for White workers and 28% for Black workers.
| U.S. wage and salary group | Worked at home at least occasionally, 2024-25 |
|---|---|
| Women | 35% |
| Men | 32% |
| Asian workers | 49% |
| White workers | 33% |
| Black workers | 28% |
| Hispanic or Latino workers | 20% |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 37% |
About 1 in 10 workers ages 15 to 24 worked at home at least occasionally in 2024-25. Among workers age 25 and over, 57% with a bachelor’s degree or higher worked at home at least occasionally, compared with 15% with a high school diploma and no college.
More than two-thirds of workers in management, business and financial operations sometimes worked at home in 2024-25. These are descriptive comparisons, and education or occupation should not be treated as a causal explanation for work-at-home access.
The BLS American Time Use Survey measures activity on days people worked, which is different from the annual job-flexibility measure. In 2023, 34.6% of employed people age 15 and over worked at home on days they worked, up from 23.7% in 2019; the 2023 rates were 35.9% for women and 33.5% for men. BLS, “35 percent of employed people did some or all of their work at home on days they worked in 2023”
Among workers age 25 and over in 2023, 52% of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher worked at home on days they worked, versus 22% of those with a high school diploma and no college. This day-level statistic does not measure policy, productivity or whether a job is remote-capable.
Hybrid Work Patterns, Hours and Workplace Location Data
The BLS Q1 2024 telework data show a larger hybrid component than the all-hours figure alone suggests. In Q1 2024, 52.1% of teleworkers worked some hours from home, up from 45.6% in Q4 2022, while 47.9% worked all hours from home, down from 54.4%. BLS, “Telework trends”
Among Q1 2024 teleworkers, 14.9% worked from home 17 to 24 hours per week, 11.6% worked 25 to 32 hours, and 3.5% worked 33 to 39 hours. Exactly 40 hours accounted for 26.5%, while 10.2% worked 41 or more hours from home.
The 2024-25 BLS annual supplement uses a different day-pattern measure. It found that 42 million workers, or 28%, had days they worked only at home; among this subgroup, 87% worked at home at least one day per week and more than one-third worked at home five or more days per week.
The subgroup statistics do not mean that every worker was fully remote. BLS, “Job Flexibilities and Work Schedules Summary – 2025 A01 Results”
Pew Research Center provides another U.S. view, limited to employed adults with one or primary job and a teleworkable job. In its October 7-13, 2024 survey of 2,315 respondents, 32% worked from home all the time, 17% most of the time, 25% some of the time, 11% rarely and 14% never.
Percentages may not sum exactly to 100 because of rounding or nonresponse. Pew Research Center, “2024 Pew Research Center return-to-office topline”
Among Pew respondents with teleworkable jobs who were not fully home-based, 36% said their job could be done from home and 64% said it could not. The survey population is not the same as all U.S. workers.
Digital Workplace Flexibility, Policy and Equipment Support
Remote work and schedule flexibility are related, but they are separate measures. In 2024-25, 57% of U.S. wage and salary workers could vary their start and end times; among workers with flexible schedules, 36% could frequently change their schedule, 45% occasionally and 19% rarely. BLS, “Job Flexibilities and Work Schedules Summary – 2025 A01 Results”
The same release found that 69% said taking an hour or two off during work would not be difficult, while 20% said it would be somewhat difficult and 11% very difficult. Schedule notice also varied: 59% knew their schedule four weeks or more in advance, while 9% learned it one day or less in advance.
Workers able to work at home were more likely to report flexibility than workers unable to work at home:
| Self-reported measure, 2024-25 | Able to work at home | Unable to work at home |
|---|---|---|
| Flexible start and stop times | 78% | 44% |
| Taking an hour or two off was not difficult | 86% | 59% |
These are associations from a survey, not randomized effects. Ability to work at home is not randomly assigned, and the measures are self-reported.
The OECD seven-country employee survey reported in 2023 connects policy coverage with telework participation and support. Teleworking occurred among 87% of employees in firms consulting workers about teleworking, compared with 61% where there was no consultation policy.
Financial support for IT equipment for digital collaboration was reported by 44% of respondents in Australia and 65% in the Netherlands, while a right to disconnect was reported by 64% of Swiss respondents and 35% of U.S. respondents. OECD, “Teleworking, workplace policies and trust: A critical relationship in the hybrid world of work”
Digital Workplace Outcomes: Satisfaction, Trust and Preferences
The OECD survey found higher reported satisfaction among teleworkers whose employers consulted workers about teleworking. Work-life-balance satisfaction was 79% among consulted teleworkers versus 62% among those not consulted; job satisfaction was 85% versus 71%.
Reported trust showed similar associations. Workplace trust was reported by 89% of consulted teleworkers and 59% of those not consulted, by 86% of teleworkers with a right to disconnect and 67% without one, and by 88% receiving financial IT support versus 61% without such support.
| OECD seven-country survey comparison, reported 2023 | With policy or arrangement | Without policy or arrangement |
|---|---|---|
| Workplace trust: consulted about teleworking | 89% | 59% |
| Workplace trust: right to disconnect | 86% | 67% |
| Workplace trust: financial IT support | 88% | 61% |
| Workplace trust: allowed to work from abroad | 92% | 67% |
Trust was reported by 92% of teleworkers allowed to work from abroad, compared with 67% not allowed to do so. The OECD report explicitly cautions that these are associations: trust may also influence whether firms adopt particular policies.
Teleworking was perceived to foster workplace trust by 67% of full-time teleworkers, 55% of hybrid workers and 34% of people who never or rarely teleworked. About 50% of full-time teleworkers, 37% of hybrid workers and 27% of people who never or rarely teleworked reported a great deal of trust in their firm; these rounded values are cross-sectional survey results.
A strong stated preference also appeared in the OECD data: 82% of currently teleworking respondents said they were prepared to quit if no longer allowed to telework. This is an intention, not a count of observed resignations or turnover.
Pew’s October 2024 survey found that 75% of respondents with teleworkable jobs were required to work from an office, workplace or job site a set number of days, compared with 25% who were not. The statistic is self-reported and does not measure actual attendance or compliance. Pew Research Center, “2024 Pew Research Center return-to-office topline”